TPO閱讀 William Smith - 英檢

※ 引述《chime0515 (我愛劉德華)》之銘言：
: Paragraph 2: This was before the steam locomotive, and canal building was at
: its height. The companies building the canals to transport coal needed
: surveyors to help them find the coal deposits worth mining as well as to
: determine the best courses for the canals. This job gave Smith an opportunity
: to study the fresh rock outcrops created by the newly dug canal. He later
: worked on similar jobs across the length and breadth of England all the while
: studying the newly revealed strata and collecting all the fossils he could
: find．Smith used mail coaches to travel as much as 10000 miles per year．In
: 1815 he published the first modern geological map “A Map of the Strata of
: England and Wales with a Part of Scotland”, map so meticulously researched
: that it can still be used today．
: 4.Accordingto paragraph2，which of the following is true of the map published
: by William Smith?
: ○It indicates the locations of England's major canals
: ○It became most valuable when the steam locomotive made rail travel possible
: ○The data for the map were collected during Smith’s work on canals
: ○It is no longer regarded as a geological masterpiece
: 答案為C 我選A 請問錯在哪呢
: 文中有提到mail coaches的事情 怎麼能斷定他的data全都在 work on canals時蒐集的?


淺見如下:
1.A選項，刪去法:該書主要是介紹英格蘭的地層以及部份蘇格蘭的wale，與英格蘭canal
的location沒有關係，所以刪除。

2.C選項，文中有提到This job gave Smith an opportunity to study the fresh rock
outcrops created by the newly dug canal(工作1). He later worked on
similar jobs(工作2) across the length and breadth of England all the while studying the newly

有個關鍵字:similar,代表兩份工作差不多，都是在canal裡面作survey的事情，不
同的是兩個工作的地點，而mail coache只是代表他第二份工作suvey的範圍很廣而已，
所以可以得知，該書的資料都是他在從事與canals相關工作時所收集的(因為它並
跑去做其他類型的工作)


: Paragraph 5: Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they
: contained, he could also see a pattern emerging：certain fossils always
: appear in more ancient sediments while others begin to be seen as the strata
: become more recent. By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the
: strata of England's earth into relative temporal sequence. About the same
: time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around
: Paris. Soon it was realized that this principle of faunal (animal) succession
: was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere. It was
: actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the
: same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the
: Cambrian or-300 million years later-in the Jurassic strata but a trilobite—
: the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will
: never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.
: 11. Select the TWO answer choices that are true statements based upon the
: discussion of the principle of faunal succession in paragraph 5. To receive
: credit, you must select TWO answers.
: ○It was a principle that applied to fauna but not to flora．
: ○It was discovered independently by two different geologists，
: ○It describes how fossils are distributed in rock strata
: ○It explains why plants and animals undergo transformations through time．
: 答案為BC, 請問為什麼可以選C呢? 文章有提到how嗎?? 謝謝!!

如果想要簡單寫，可用刪去法可以很快的刪掉AD。
C選項可選的原因是開頭提到:Not only could Smith identify rock strata by
the fossils they contained he could also see a pattern emerging:...
其實我個人感覺這個選項是承接第四段的說明，說明化石如何分佈在地層中的，而第五段
只是稍微又提了一下。


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