TPO13 Types of Social Groups - 英檢

請問板上各位TPO13其中兩題問題

Paragraph 1：Life places us in a complex web of relationships with other
people. Our humanness arises out of these relationships in the course of
social interaction. Moreover, our humanness must be sustained through social
interaction—and fairly constantly so. When an association continues long
enough for two people to become linked together by a relatively stable set
of expectations, it is called a relationship.

2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of a relationship?
○ It is a structure of associations with many people.
○ It should be studied in the course of a social interaction.
○ It places great demands on people.
○ It develops gradually overtime.

答案是4,我想請問這答案是從哪裡推出來的
2.3選項為何錯?

Paragraph 7：Third, primary groups are fundamental because they serve as
powerful instruments for social control. Their members command and dispense
many of the rewards that are so vital to us and that make our lives seem
worthwhile. Should the use of rewards fail, members can frequently win by
rejecting or threatening to ostracize those who deviate from the primary
group's norms. For instance, some social groups employ shunning (a person can
remainin the community, but others are forbidden to interact with the person)
as a device to bring into line individuals whose behavior goes beyond that
allowed by the particular group. Even more important, primary groups define
social reality for us by structuring our experiences. By providing us with
definitions of situations, they elicit from us behavior that conforms to
group-devised meanings. Primary groups, then, serve both as carriers of
social norms and as enforcers of them.

11. According to paragraph 7, why would a social group use shunning?
○ To enforce practice of the kinds of behavior acceptable to the group
○ To discourage offending individuals from remaining in the group
○ To commend and reward the behavior of the other members of the group
○ To decide which behavioral norms should be passed on to the next
generation?

這題答案是1,也不知道是怎麼選出來的
謝謝

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