TPO-11 (47 BEGGING BY NESTLINGS) 第12題 - 英檢

Hi 你好 提供個人的看法

這題是問說 為什麼well-fed birds不會再發出很大的聲音去要求食物
主要原因可以從第6段中間有提到"An individual's success in propagating his or
her gene can be affected by more than just his or her own personal reproductive
success. Because close relatives have many of the same genes, animals that harm
their close relatives may in effect be destroying some of their own genes"判斷

因為birds的gene被保留下來比他們自己個體被保留下來還重要
若他們因為搶食物而造成同伴死亡
那麼他們身上共同的基因被傳下去的機會就變少了

以生物學的觀點而言
就是希望自己物種的數量可以維持動態恆定
這樣才能維持一定機率使自己的物種(包括gene)被一代接一代的傳下去
這是生物求生存的一種方式

以上 個人淺見 提供分享

一起加油~

※ 引述《kevinkao0204 (KAI)》之銘言：
: 47 BEGGING BY NESTLINGS (TPO11)
: Paragraph 6：As these experiments show, begging apparently provides a signal
: of need that parents use to make judgments about which offspring can
: benefit most from a feeding. But the question arises, why don't nestlings beg
: loudly when they aren't all that hungry? By doing so, they could possibly
: secure more food, which should result in more rapid growth or
: larger size, either of which is advantageous. The answer lies apparently
: not in the increased energy costs of exaggerated begging—
: such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories—
: but rather in the damage that any successful cheater would do to its siblings,
: which share genes with one another.
: An individual's success in propagating his or her genes can be
: affected by more than just his or her own personal reproductive success.
: Because close relatives have many of the same genes,
: animals that harm their close relatives may in effect be destroying
: some of their own genes.
: Therefore, a begging nestling that secures food at the expense of its
: siblings might actually leave behind fewer copies of its genes overall
: than it might otherwise.
: 12. According to paragraph 6, which of the following explains the fact that a
: well-fed nestling does not beg loudly for more food?
: ○ There is no benefit for a nestling to get more food than it needs to
: survive.
: ○ By begging loudly for food it does not need, a nestling would
: unnecessarily expose itself to danger from predators.
: ○ If a nestling begs loudly when it is not truly hungry, then when it is
: truly hungry its own
: begging may be drowned out by that of its well-fed siblings.
: ○ More of a nestling's genes will be passed to the next generation if its
: hungry siblings get enough food to survive.
: 我選(B)可是答案是(D)
: 選B的原因是我覺得"鳥之所以不大聲地去乞食,是因為怕被predator發現,然後就會造成
: 整個鳥巢被侵略,基因也就無法傳遞下去(一粒老鼠屎壞了一鍋粥的道理)
: 不知道我哪裡有看錯嗎?>"<
: 另外~我覺得TPO好難....這篇就錯了5題
: 慘不忍睹~而且過3天就要獻出我的第一戰了
: 超緊張~希望有好心人幫我解惑~
: 還有到底要如何增進閱讀能力(離二戰還有4個月)(一戰只是測測程度)
: 謝謝!!!希望2/26考生一起加油

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