請問兩題TPO閱讀的文法 - 英檢

大家好, 小的想請問兩題TPO閱讀的文法

1. TPO 36 -2 (第一段後半)
He collected hundreds of different species of animals, and he saw that they
were distributed in eight different depth zones, each containing its own
distinct assemblage of animal life, the way zones of elevation on the
side of a mountain are populated by distinct sets of plants.

想請問這邊的the way 是什麼用法? 前面是否少了連接詞之類的? 謝謝

2. TPO 14 -3 (第一段的開頭)
Pastoralism is a lifestyle in which economic activity is based primarily on
livestock. Archaeological evidence suggests that by 3000 B.C., and perhaps
even earlier, there had emerged on the steppes of Inner Eurasia the
distinctive types of pastoralism that were to dominate the region's history
for several millennia.

想請問後面的 there had emerged…這句有點複雜, 不知道文法書要查哪種文法用法,

謝謝大家


--