戴爾美語練功坊 托福閱讀實力測驗題 7/20 - 英檢

戴爾美語練功坊 托福閱讀實力測驗試題(7/20日)


TOEFL Reading
Inference / implication (推論及暗示題)


Large sections of North America and Europe used to be covered
by ice. About two million years ago, vast sheets of ice moved south.
These ice sheets are called glaciers. The glaciers grew and shrunk over
the years. This created a series of ice ages. The last ice age ended
between 10,000 and 15,000 years ago. Scientists believe an ice age
could one day return.
Glaciers form when temperatures are low and there is plenty of
snow. The lower layers of snow turn to ice. Then, the ice begins to move.
The snow on top slides on the ice underneath.
The largest glaciers today are called continental glaciers. They
cover Antarctica and most of Greenland. Continental glaciers can move
as fast as 33 meters each day. Smaller glaciers are found in mountains
all over the world. These are called alpine glaciers. They move only a
few millimeters each day. Glaciers begin to recede when their ice
melts faster than new ice forms.
When a glaciers advances, it carries rocks and pieces of ground
with it. This can make a narrow valley broader and deeper. When a
glacier retreats, it leaves a U-shaped valley, called a trough. Waterfalls
often follow the path of glacial troughs.

1. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that two millions years ago
(A) a long ice age was coming to an end
(B) there were more glaciers in Europe than North America
(C) most of the glaciers were located in the north
(D) the temperature of the ocean changed

2. What is implied by the information related to glaciers and valleys?
(A) Glaciers cannot enter valleys.
(B) Glaciers cut valleys.
(C) Glaciers follow waterfalls.
(D) Glaciers melt valleys.


解題技巧:
1.審視題意 --- 通透理解題幹之問題敘述.
2.搜索核心關鍵字詞 --- 解題之關鍵字詞 (key words/ phrases).
3.原文定位 --- 透過核心關鍵字詞進行段落鎖定問題之所在.
4.分析比對判讀 --- 進行文意論述之分析解讀.

內容中之key word 為 "infer"(推論) 或 "imply"(暗示) ,
此類型於文章中無直接或明顯之證據. 必須參就其文中所提供之內容述,
並分析判斷和猜測其正確答案. 一般而言, 可就文章所提供之細節, 觀點,
看法及引述例證來進行推理.
其又細分為
(1) 細節推論題
(2) 全文內容推論題
(3) 作者態度觀點推斷題
為精確推論上述題型, 文中所出現之相關輔助語詞亦不容忽視, 例如

表時間之先後關係詞 ---
before、previously、formerly、afterward thereafter、presently、
shortly、subsequently、meanwhile simultaneously、used to.

表對比關係詞 ---
although、even though / even if 、despite、in spite of、 by contrast、
while、nevertheless、still、yet、on the contrary、regardless.

表因果關係詞 ---
therefore、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly、as a result、
for the purpose、with this object、otherwise.

表數量詞 ---
some、others、most、the rest.

Infer → After reading Paragraph .., which of the following can be inferred?
→ What can be inferred from the passage?

Imply → What does the statement ….. imply in the passage?
→ What does the author imply by saying …


1. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that two millions years ago
(A) a long ice age was coming to an end
(B) there were more glaciers in Europe than North America
(C) most of the glaciers were located in the north
(D) the temperature of the ocean changed

→ About two million years ago, vast sheets of ice moved south.
Key words 為 two millions years ago, 回原文定位, 巨大冰原向南方移動.
因此推論出大部分之glaciers 原來是位於北方. 因此選擇 C


2. What is implied by the information related to glaciers and valleys?
(A) Glaciers cannot enter valleys.
(B) Glaciers cut valleys.
(C) Glaciers follow waterfalls.
(D) Glaciers melt valleys.

→ When a glacier retreats, it leaves a U-shaped valley, called a trough.
Key words 為 glaciers 及valleys , 回原文定位, 當冰河後退時它會侵蝕
切割地表形成U 型峽谷. 故而選擇B .

Answer: (C) (B)


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