5/18字神威廉-托福點題講座(內有口說JJ) - 英檢

字神新托福機經研究院院長『威廉王子』，
將於5/18（六）舉辦托福考前點題講座，要考試的板友千萬不可錯過！

威廉老師將
獨家分享：親編新托福聽說讀寫真題題源
獨家講解：最新預測英文考題必考重點
前進名校最關鍵之講座，機會難得，座位有限，請盡早報名～

講座資訊
主講人： 威廉老師
講座日期：05/18 (六)
講座時間：14：00~15：15
講座地點：字神帝國英語學院 ﹝台北市重慶南路一段66-1號4樓﹞

報名方式：
1. 線上報名： http://ppt.cc/r7og 一分鐘即可完成！
2. 電話報名：﹝02﹞6632-2233
3. 現場報名：字神帝國﹝北市南陽街21-3號﹞
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口說JJ分享

部落格板：http://ppt.cc/8Gqo

1. 如何提高你的國家的教學品質（education system），用你們國家用的方式解釋。
What do you think can be done to improve the education system in your
country? Please explain in the context of your country.

Sample Answer
In my opinion, the education system in Taiwan should encourage independent
thinking throughout grade school and university. Our education has evolved
from rote memorization ten years ago to promotion of well-roundedness today.
However, although most students today can engage in extracurricular
activities outside of their studies, they are still just following the rules
within the system so they can be admitted to top schools. I think what’s
really valuable is to let each student know they have the freedom to pursue
their passion and think outside of the box. Therefore it is necessary for our
education to remove all those standardized criteria for college admission and
evaluate each student as an individual.



2. 有聲讀物（listening the audio）和閱讀紙本書，你喜歡那個。
Some people prefer to listen to audio books whereas others prefer to read
printed books. Which do you prefer and why? Please use examples and reasons
to support your choice.

Sample Answer
Personally I prefer audio books to printed books for several reasons. First,
it takes less time to listen to a book than to read it on paper. For example,
it takes me only six hours to finish an audio book while it would take me
about nine hours to read the printed version. In addition, I can easily
listen to audio books every day when I commute to school but it would be
impossible to read books while driving. This allows me to use my time more
efficiently. Also, audio books are more environmentally friendly than printed
ones. In sum, I consider audio books a better choice than printed books.



3.
閱讀：學校讓宿舍生選室友。
聽力：女同學不贙成。(1) 和室友一般沒什麼矛盾，矛盾也是小矛盾；(2) 應該學習化解
矛盾走上社會可以用；(3) 住校外的都是為了省錢，就算你可以選舍友仍然會住外面。
Reading: A letter suggests that students should choose their roommates based
on two reasons: fewer conflicts and more dorm residence.
Listening: the woman disagrees with the suggestion: (1). There are not many
conflicts between roommates; even if there are conflicts, students should
learn to overcome them rather than avoid them. Experiencing conflicts and
solving them are part of university life. (2). The reason why students choose
to live off-campus is that the price of dorm living is too expensive not that
they cannot choose their own roommates. Therefore, allowing to choose
roommates does not solve the problem.

Reading
The Office of Student Affairs has recently approved of a new policy which
allows students to choose roommates at the dormitory on their own. The
application for the dormitory can be filed jointly only by the student and
their roommates of choice. This new policy is originated to reduce conflicts
and increase residence at the dormitory.

Listening
Man: Have you seen the university’s letter for the new dorm policy?
Woman: Yes I have. I don’t think it’s a good idea.
Man: Oh? Why’d you say that?
Woman: Because I live in the dorm and I know there aren’t that many
conflicts among roommates. Even if there are conflicts, students should learn
to overcome them rather than avoid them. Experiencing and solving conflicts
are a part of college life.
Man: You have a great point. A lot of friends told me they have matured a lot
after living in the dorm.
Woman: Yes, besides, the reason why a lot of students prefer to live
off-campus is because the dorm is too expensive not because they cannot
choose their roommates. So in order to attract more students to live in the
dorm the university has to lower the rent. I don’t think allowing students
to choose their roommates will help.

The woman expresses her opinion of the university’s plan. State her opinion
and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.

Sample Answer
In the announcement letter, the university is going to allow students to
choose their roommates in order to reduce conflicts and increase residence
rate at the dorm. However, the woman in the conversation disagrees with the
university’s new dorm policy. She thinks there are not that many conflicts
at the dorm and it is a good experience to learn to solve conflicts with one’
s roommates. Learning from these conflicts is in fact an important part of
college life. In addition, a lot of students choose to live off-campus not
because they can’t choose their roommates at the dorm but because living at
the dorm is more expensive. In conclusion, the woman doesn’t think the new
dorm policy will achieve its expected results.




4
閱讀：information bias，大概就是人以為資訊越多就越有把握，結果等資訊等的機會
沒了。
People need information to make decisions, however, sometimes people go too
far with this opinion, and thus, they believe more information is always
better. This kind of opinion is called information bias.
聽力：幾年前教授要找個研究助理，第一個人很好，但是他沒立即要，而是繼續面試一星
期人，最後決定要第一個，打電話一問，那個人已經跟別的教授了。
However, when people are addicted to collecting information, the decision
might be no longer needed. The professor states an example to illustrate this
idea. Several years ago, he tried to find a research assistant for a project
and he interviewed some candidates. The first one was quite impressive with
rich experience, a great knowledge and a degree in related field.
The professor liked him. However, instead offering the first candidate the
job immediately, the professor kept on interviewing others. After one week,
he could not find anyone else more satisfactory than the first candidate,
therefore, he called the first person and offered him the job. At that time,
the first candidate already accepted another project. As a result, the
professor needed to find someone else who was less qualified for that
position.

Reading
Information bias is a type of cognitive bias and involves distorted
evaluation of information. Information bias occurs due to people’s curiosity
and confusion of goals when trying to choose a course of action. An example
of information bias is believing that the more information one can acquire to
make a decision, the better, even if that extra information is irrelevant for
the decision. Due to information bias, many people would not take an action
and keep waiting for all the information they need. As a result, they often
miss out the opportunity to act on something important.

Listening
Today I would like to introduce you a term in psychology called “information
bias”. We all need information before making a decision. However some people
firmly hold onto this opinion and believe they need to acquire as much
information as possible in order to take an action. As they become addicted
to collecting information, their decision might no longer be needed by the
time they’re finally ready to make their decision.

I remember a few years ago I was trying to fill a research assistant position
for a project and interviewed several candidates. The first candidate I
interviewed was highly experienced. He had great knowledge and a degree in a
related field. However, instead of offering him the job immediately I kept on
interviewing other candidates. A week later, I couldn’t find anyone more
qualified than the first candidate so I decided to offer him the job. As a
result, I waited for too long and he already took another job offer for a
different project. I had no choice but to hire someone else who was less
qualified for the position.

The professor takes an example to illustrate the term “information bias” in
psychology. Explain what information bias is and how this example is related
to the reading passage.

Sample Answer
Information bias is a biased evaluation of information. People need
information to make a decision but some people would overvalue the need for
information and become very hesitant in taking an action. As a result, by the
time they are ready to make a decision based on sufficient information they
require, their decision is no longer needed. The professor talks about his
personal experience years ago to show how his decision was also affected by
this information bias. He came across a highly qualified candidate for a
research assistant position but he continued to interview other candidates.
By the time he decided the first candidate was the most qualified for the
position it was already too late because the candidate took another job offer.




5. 一對男女同學的對話，男生靠bike 上下學，但是冬天到了，就無法這樣做。
他提出兩個解決方式。一是他的室友有車，麻煩他室友接他上下學，但這樣一來需要依照
室友的時間上下學，導致有時候他必須一早沒有課，卻必須到學校；第二是買便宜的車，
他有看到一個便宜的deal，只是買車、養車會是一筆開銷。
問題：summarize the problem discussed in the conversation, which solution do
you prefer?
The man has a problem: he cannot ride his bicycle in cold weather anymore.
They discussed out two solutions: (1). The man can share his roommate's car,
but their class schedules are different; (2). He can buy a used car from one
math student at a reasonable price, but owning a car is actually expensive.

Listening
Woman: Hey you seem a little frustrated. Is everything OK?
Man: Yeah, everything’s fine. It’s just that the weather in winter is
getting really cold and I’m afraid I can’t bike to school like this every
day anymore.
Woman: Biking in the cold weather is impossible. What are you gonna do?
Man: My roommate has a car so I’m thinking maybe I can share the car with
him.
Woman: That would be nice, isn’t it?
Man: Yes and no. We have different class schedules so I would have to go to
school and get home every day according to my roommate’s schedule rather
than my own. Sometimes I might have to come to the campus in the morning even
though I have no classes in the morning.
Woman: Ouch, that could be troublesome.
Man: Yeah I know. I’m also considering buying a car on my own. I came across
a really good deal a while ago. A math student is selling his used car at a
very reasonable price which I can afford. But on the other hand, owning and
maintaining a car would cost me extra every month…

The man discusses two possible solutions to his problem. Summarize the
problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you
prefer and explain why.

Sample Answer
The man in the conversation rides a bike to school at the moment but it’s no
longer feasible in the cold winter. He is considering a couple of solutions
to his problem such as sharing his roommate’s car every day or buying an
affordable used car from a math student at school. In my opinion, the first
solution is a better choice. If he shares his roommate’s car, he can save
the money from buying and maintaining the car, which is a lot more
financially viable for a college student. Although he might have to commute
according to his roommate’s schedule and go to school even when he doesn’t
have classes, he can use the time to study at the library or hang out with
other students.




6. Wild life protection. People like go hiking, walking around or viewing
scenery in wild nature. However, the action may affect plants and animals.
There are two ways to protect the environment from disturbing while allowing
tourists to visit the nature.
(1) People sometimes walk around in forests and create paths. Create a
protection to protect delicate environments from disturbance.
(2) Restrict number of visitors per day and there are two methods:
m1. Group tourists into small groups and assign tour-guide for them;
m2. limit the small group numbers.
Two ways to protect natural environment from being damaged by recreational
nature walk. (1). Separating humans from the environment by building trails;
tourists are only allowed to walk along the trails; (2). Limiting the size of
the visiting group.
Only small groups under with guides are allowed, and thus reduce the impact
on the environment.

Listening
Today I would like to talk about wildlife conservation. We all enjoy hiking
and the great view of the wilderness. However, as we hike our footsteps and
activities would disturb the habitats of animals and plants. Wildlife
conservation is the practice of protecting endangered plant and animal
species and their habitats. Among the goals of wildlife conservation are to
ensure that nature will be around for future generations to enjoy and to
recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness lands to humans. There
are a couple ways to protect the wildlife from being damaged by recreational
nature walks.

First, this can be done by assigning hiking trails so that tourists can only
walk on the trails. People tend to walk around in the forests and create new
paths when they go hiking and that’s how the wildlife gets disturbed. We can
separate tourists from the wildlife by building tourist trails to make sure
hikers remain on the designated trail.

The other method is to restrict the number of visitors per day and only small
groups with tour guides will be allowed. Tour guides will make sure hikers
walk along a specific path and minimize the risk of disturbing animals and
plants in the forests. By doing so the impact on the environment can be
greatly reduced and thus preserve the wilderness.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain what wildlife
conservation is and the two methods that can be used for wildlife
conservation.

Sample Answer
Wildlife conservation is the practice to protect endangered animals, plants,
and their habitats. As we enjoy hiking, we are also posing threats to species
living on our hiking paths. The professor discussed two methods to protect
the wildlife from being damaged by tourists’ recreational nature walks. The
first is to build hiking trails so that tourists can only walk along the
trail and not all over the forests. This can prevent the wildlife from being
disturbed. The second method is to limit the number of visitors per day and
assign tour guides to small groups of tourists. Tour guides will be able to
lead the hikers onto a specific path and make sure no one is causing damages
to the wildlife.


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