黃金閱讀 the rise of Teotihuacan - 英檢

※ 引述《hilario (sdwdfqwe)》之銘言：
: 問二個很小的問題,
: 今天想蠻久的
: Paraghaph3
: ....Around this time, the largest of these centers, Cuicuilco, was serious
: affected by a vocanic eruption, with much of its agriculture land covered by
: lava. With Cuicuilco eliminated as a potential rival, any one of a number of
: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
: 這句我不是很懂,
: "隨著Cuicuilco消除(主動態)像一個 潛在的對手"
: 正解是"隨著Cuicuilco失去競爭力"
: 是我哪個字的字意錯了嗎?
: relatively modest towns might have emerged as a leading economic and political
: power in Center Mexico.

您果然看得很仔細 這是一種特殊的文法結構
說穿了是一種句子的變形
目前在這裡出現的是 with 的複合結構
如果您有讀過 獨立分詞構句 應該更容易瞭解這個結構

這原本是兩個句子

1.Cuicuilco had been eliminated as a potential rival.
(如何還原呢？ 請參考下一句的結構 have emerged)

2.Any one of a number of relatively modest towns might have emerged
as a leading economic and political power in Central Mexico.

......................................

原本應該用連接詞連在一起 我們可以用because

Because Cuicuilco had been eliminated as a potential rival,
any one of a number of relatively modest towns might have emerged
as a leading economic and political power in Central Mexico.
........................................

覺得有些麻煩？ 如果不想用連接詞 連接
就必需把必一個句子變成分詞片語

比方說
I have nothing to do.
I feel bored.

=> Because I have nothing to do, I feel bored.
刪除相同的主詞 並把 前一句的動詞 變成 現在分詞having
=> Having nothing to do, I feel bored.
(此時前面的部分 沒有主詞 也沒有 限定動詞(請查新英文法) 所以不是句子 )

....................................
不過有一個問題
如果這兩句的主詞不一樣呢？
這時前一句的主詞必需保留

The sun set.
The students hurried home.
=> The sun setting, the students hurried home.
(這個前面的部分 有主詞 與 分詞 稱為 獨立分詞構句
因為這個分詞用來修飾與句子不同的主詞 因而稱之為 獨立)
.......................................

另一種類似的結構就是這裡所見的
The young boy stood there, and his arms were folded.
(有個年輕男孩站在那兒,他的雙手抱著胸.)

要使用分詞構句 必需把主詞變一致
The young boy stood there, and he folded his arms.
=> The young boy stood there, and folding his arms.

如果不改變句子 就要用獨立分詞構句
=> The young boy stood there, his arms folded.

這樣的結構可以改成
The young boy stood there, with his arms folded.


說了這麼多 還是請大家查查字典with的用法有很多
在這個用法中主要表示 伴隨的條件,情況,環境,原因

With Cuicuilco eliminated ( as a potential rival)
照文法還原 翻譯成
由於少了Cuicuilco這個競爭對手,

黃金閱讀翻譯成
隨著Cuicuilco失去了競爭能力
這是意譯

: ---------------------------------------
: 7. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about Cuicuilco prior to 200 BC?
: D. Its economy relied heavily on agriculture.
: 這題用刪去法大概可以答,
: 不過火山爆發造成 > 農地不見 > 造成沒落,
: 也不一定是這個城很依賴農業呀?
: 有可能很重商業,農業雖不重要,但農業沒了也活不成..
: (還是我想太多........)
: 謝謝
with much of its agricultural land covered by lava.
這個with 也是表示當時的情況
當大多數農地都被岩漿覆蓋
結果是 Cuicuilco失去了競爭能力

所以可以推測 農業是這個城市的主要經濟來源

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