環保署撤銷中市府對中火處分法界挺市府 - 台中
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By Donna
at 2020-03-11T15:59
at 2020-03-11T15:59
Table of Contents
新聞標題:
環保署撤銷中市府對中火處分 法界挺市府:憲法保障地方自治
新聞網址:https://reurl.cc/O11rbD
新聞來源:ETtoday 新聞雲
內文:
記者鄧木卿/台中報導
台中市政府針對台中火力發電廠超量使用生煤一案,共開罰1千8百萬元,並且廢止2部機組許可證,結果環保署竟依行政程序法規定撤銷所有處分案,台中市政府表示,環保署並非訴願管轄機關,無權撤銷,如今越俎代庖,已失去立場,市府邀請法界、學者線上討論該項撤銷案,與會者認為,憲法保障地方自治,地方政府應享有自主權。
市府表示,環保署依行政程序法第117條規定,撤銷台中市環保局對中火做出的處分案,包括以違反空污法告發3次,並廢止2部發電機組許可證,撤銷此舉前所未有,更與訴願法及行政訴訟法等相關規定不符,市府深表遺憾。
市府法制局10日與中華民國台灣法曹協會、裁判時報雜誌社合辦「中央主管機關監督地方自治團體之界限座談會」,以線上直播進行,邀請法界專家學者針對「地方自治權限」相關議題進行探討。
座談會由中華民國台灣法曹協會理事長、前司法院副院長蘇永欽擔任主持人,前司法院大法官林錫堯、前司法官學院院長林輝煌、東吳大學法研所兼任教授李念祖、國立台灣大學政治學系教授黃錦堂、東吳大學法律學系教授陳清秀、謙眾國際法律事務所律師周宇修等人參與。
法制局長李善植表示,市府基於地方環境與市民健康,對台中火力發電廠超量燃燒生煤行為開罰,卻遭環保署直接撤銷市府環保局的行政處分,甚至針對台中市《生煤及石油焦管制自治條例》的規定出現諸多關切,中央所為是否對於地方自治權限造成過多的干預,其手段是否合法、適當,值得探討。
蘇永欽表示,在這個活躍的民主政治時代,中央政府和地方政府間垂直的分權,應該要好好處理,這次座談會議題涉及憲法、地方制度法、行政程序法及地方自治條例等重大層面,是非常有意義的。
林錫堯表示,對於行政程序法第117條規定,認為上級機關介入行使撤銷權,應以原處分機關能行使撤銷權,經過指示而仍不行使,抑或有情況急迫時,始得為之。
林輝煌則說,有關中央和地方的權限爭議,論述雖然很多,但共識卻很少,地方自治是一種制度性保障,中央與地方之分權,並非政治問題而是法理問題;中央與地方是夥伴關係、不是上下級機關。
李念祖從憲法的角度出發,認為憲法的精神是在保障地方自治,而非消滅地方自治,地方政府作為地方公法人,辦理自治事項應享有自主權,僅於辦理委辦事項時,中央機關方對於地方機關才有比較大的指揮監督餘地,但地方制度法第75條第2項竟允許中央機關得撤銷、變更、廢止或停止地方機關執行自治事項,顯然與「自治」核心概念有所違背。
黃錦堂強調,在地方立法上,有所謂「上乘」或「橫出」規定的概念,讓地方可以在中央立法的框架下,有自主形成的空間。
陳清秀表示,現在中央地方間很多是共同辦理事項,中央為基本性立法,地方為補充性立法,中央對自治事項為統一立法,二者都有行政管轄權,如果地方制度法找得到依據的話,都應該是自治事項,地方制度法是行政程序法的特別法,本案比較不適宜用行政程序法撤銷。中央機關依行政程序法第117規定的撤銷和行政救濟之間的關係,應本與夥伴關係,友善的來處理,並應符合比例原則而且也可以考慮先進行行政指導。
周宇修以新北市八仙塵暴的案件舉例,認為地方政府的行政處分如果被撤銷的話,地方政府本身應該是可以被賦予有訴訟權能的,只不過很可惜這案在行政法院並沒有被好好澄清。
備註:
看來中火會不會被撤照,現在要拖成漫長法律戰
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台中
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