為什麼送洗不能保證能去除所有的污漬? - 居家

Why can't the dry cleaner remove every stain?
為什麼洗衣業者無法去除所有的污漬?

文章出處：
澳洲乾洗協會Drycleaning Institute of Australia
http://0rz.tw/kZ81d

翻譯者：
衣博士洗衣連鎖 國安店/福雅店店長
(如需轉載，請標明來源出處及翻譯來源，謝謝)

Unfortunately for everyone, some stains are permanent.They simply become
part of the fabric. Continued attempts to remove them will cause dye loss
or fabric damage, known as chafing or fraying.

非常不幸的要告訴大家，有些污漬是永久性的。
這些污漬已變成布料的一部份，
持續性嘗試去除污漬將會造成褪色或布料損壞，例如磨損。

Many stains are removed by the dry cleaning machine and require no additional
effort from the cleaner. A group of stains, called stubborn stains,
require the attention of a stain removal specialist.
The art of removing stains is called "spotting" and the person doing the
stain removal is called the "spotter". Spotting stubborn stains requires
a high level of skill, knowledge and experience.The spotter is typically
one of the highest paid employees in a dry cleaning plant.

許多污漬可以被乾洗機輕易的去除。
但有部分頑強的污漬則需要去污專家的協助。
去除污漬的藝術被稱為「去污處理」，
而負責去污的人士則被稱為「去污技師」。
要去除頑強的污漬需要高超的技術、知識和經驗。
而去污技師通常也是整個洗衣公司中薪水最高的員工。

The Spotter's Dilemma - When presented with a stubborn stain,
spotters are eager to do everything possible to remove the stain,
however they must avoid damaging the fabric in the process.
Stubborn stains often require a combination of strong stain
removing solutions and a significant amount of mechanical action
to get them out. Not knowing how much effort it's going to take,
the spotter will try using the mildest stain removal methods and solutions
first. If the stain remains, they will try something a little stronger.
They will continue to repeat this process until either the stain is
successfully removed or the fabric begins to show signs of dye loss or chafing. At this point, they
must stop working on the stain. If they continue, they risk damaging the fabric.

去污技師的兩難是，他非常想要盡一切可能來除去污漬，
然而他必須避免在處理過程中造成布料的損壞。
頑強污漬通常需要結合強大的去污方法和機械力量來去除污漬。
因為不知道布料到底能承受多大的洗淨力道，
所以去污技師會優先使用最溫和的去污方法。如果污漬依然存在，
技師就會加強洗淨力，並會重複這樣的過程直到污漬能成功的被去除，
或者布料在處理過程中已開始出現褪色或磨損的跡象而停止。
這時技師必須停止去污的處理，因為如果繼續，就會造成布料的損害風險。

How do stains become permanent? - A stain can consist of virtually any liquid
substance that comes in contact with your clothes. Time usually determines
whether a stain can be removed or not. Almost all stains can be removed if
treated quickly enough.
However, most stains will become permanent if left untreated too long.

污漬如何才會變成永久性的呢?
污漬會包含任何液態物質來與你的衣物接觸，
而接觸時間長短通常決定了污漬能否被去除。
如果沾到污漬馬上處理的話，幾乎所有的污漬都能被去除，
然而大部分污漬拖太久沒處理的話就會變永久性污漬。

When first coming into contact with fabric, most stains will initially remain
on the surface and can be removed relatively easily. Over time,
stains absorb into the fabric and permeate the fibres.
They begin to react with the fabric's dye.
A chemical change takes place and the stain literally changes the colour of
the fabric. Stains often turn light fabrics darker or dark fabrics lighter.
These colour changes in the fabric are almost always permanent.
Once this takes places, even if the spotter removes the original stain,
the fabric where the stain was is now a different colour.
It looks like the stain is still there, but it's not.
What you are seeing is the permanent damage that the stain caused.

當布料第一時間接觸到污漬，
大部分污漬最初會停留在表面而能輕易的被去除。
隨著時間過去，污漬會被布料吸收而滲進纖維，並開始與布上的染料相互反應。
化學反應的發生造成污漬改變了布料的顏色，
而污漬通常會讓淺色系布料變暗，讓深色布料變淺。
這種布料上顏色的變化一旦發生幾乎就是永久性的，
即使去污技師去除了原來的污漬，布料上原本污漬的地方也會出現不同的顏色，
看起來就像污漬仍舊在那邊，其實你看到的已經是污漬造成的永久性損害。

Heat causes the same type of stain "setting" that time does.
You should never apply heat of any kind to a stain.
Do not iron a stained garment and do not put it in the dryer.

另外，不要嘗試用熱來處理任何種類的污漬，
譬如熨燙衣服上的污漬或是丟進烘衣機等，
這都會造成與汙漬長時間不處理同樣的永久性效果。

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