TPO20 Reading - Fossil Preservation - 英檢

※ 引述《ms6211 (被經濟追著跑)》之銘言：
: 各位戰友好
: 前幾天做了TPO20閱讀,對第三篇的幾個問題有一些疑問。
: 先貼上文章段落:
: ◆The term “fossil” often implies petrifaction,literally a transformation
: into stone.After the death of an organism, the soft tissue is ordinarily
: consumed by scavengers and bacteria. 【The empty shell of a snail or clam may
: be left behind, and if it is sufficiently durable and resistant to
: dissolution, it may remain basically unchanged for a long period of time.】
: Indeed, unaltered shells of marine invertebrates are known from deposits over
: 100 million years old. In many marine creatures, however, the skeleton is
: composed of a mineral variety of calcium carbonate called【aragonite】.
: Although aragonite has the same composition as the more familiar mineral
: known as calcite, it has a different crystal form, is relatively unstable,
: and in time changes to the more stable calcite.
: 問題:
: ● Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in
: the highlighted sentence in the passage?
: Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential
: information.
很多戰友詢問閱讀速度不夠
其實有些問題是每個字都看了 但是沒有抓到核心字彙

句子改寫 先看原句
The empty shell of a snail or clam may be left behind,
and
if it is sufficiently durable and resistant to dissolution,
it may remain basically unchanged for a long period of time.

這樣看很明顯
核心是 if.... 這個條件要達成 , 就會....
durable 這個字 就是 持久的.耐久的意思
ETS這裡沒有要考單字
如果沒感覺 請看後面的 結果
remain unchanged for a long period of time


: A. When snails or clam shells left behind, they must be empty in order to
: remain durable and resist dissolution.
這句話的重點是 they must be empty 必需是空的

: B. Although snail and clam shells are durable and resist dissolving,
over time they slowly begin to change.
核心是 隨著時間會慢慢開始改變
: C. Although the soft parts of snails or clams dissolve quickly, their hard
: shells resist dissolution for a long time.
重點是 resist dissolution for a long time
只有描述原來的條件
: D. Empty snails or clam shells that are strong enough not to disslove may
: stay in their original state for a long time.
核心是保持在原本的狀態
may stay in their original state

原本的條件句 變成形容詞子句
that are strong enough not to disslove

這一句有完整表達原本的意思
: 這題我選C,但答案是D。
: 我覺得D有問題是因為文章應該沒有提到那些貝殼為長時間留在原地吧?!
state 是 1.狀態 2.地位 3.State 美國的州
沒有地點的解釋

您可能是被 stay in their original X 誤導了
自動補上了 原 地

: C應該最合理阿
: 另一題是:
: ● Why does the author mention "aragonite" in the passage?
: A. To emphasize that some fossils remain unaltered for millions of years.

原文說
The term “fossil” often implies petrifaction,literally a transformation
into stone.
對核心就是transformation
不是硬的東西留下來就是化石

Indeed, unaltered shells of marine invertebrates are known from deposits over
100 million years old.
In many marine creatures, however, the skeleton is
composed of a mineral variety of calcium carbonate called【aragonite】.

Indeed, 在此就是舉例的意思 說明大多數都 deposits over 100 million years old

However, 是個轉折 與之前的句子意義一定有轉折
所以不是強調有些會remain unaltered for millions of years
(indeed那一句才是強調)

: B. To contrast fossils formation in organisms with hard shells.
: C. To explain that some marine organisms must undergo chemical changes in
: order to fossilize.

整段都在說transformation
Although aragonite has the same composition as the more familiar mineral
known as calcite, it has a different crystal form, is relatively unstable,
and in time changes to the more stable calcite.
重點不是單字是
Aragonite 與 Calcite 的關係
1.different crystal 結晶不同
2.A 相較之下 unstable 不穩定是什麼意思？
3.意思就是 in time changes to the more stable calcite

in time 這兩個看似簡單的字其實是最難的
大家知道

in time 有 及時的意思 They were just in time for the train.

on time則是 準時 The train will arrive on time.

但是這裡卻是in time 的另一個定義 eventually
是 終究 . 早晚 . 慢慢地
前後搭配上 unstable / change
就是說 A 會慢慢的變成 C


: D. To explain why fossil shells are more likely to survive than fossil
: skeletons.


: 這題我選A,但答案是C。
: 我的疑惑是從文章來看,我認為aragonite不是本來就存在在生物體內嗎?只不過它和骨
: 骼相似但組成不同。但我看不出哪裡有經歷化學變化阿?
: 另外,以選項來說,雖然我不確定選項A的emphasize是否正確,但因為不認同選項C的
: undergo chemical changes,所以就還是選了選項A了。
: 在訂正的時候連續兩題對答案有疑惑,也不覺得自己的選項是錯的阿,所以決定上來請教
: 高手們了！ 謝謝:)
換句話說 只要掌握這些關鍵字
即使專有名辭與背景知識不足 也可以推出正確的意思

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